St James’s Palace is one of London’s oldest royal residences, located on Pall Mall. Built by King Henry VIII between 1531 and 1536, it was constructed on the site of a former leper hospital dedicated to St James the Less, from which it derives its name. The palace features characteristic Tudor architecture, with red-brick construction and a prominent gatehouse with an oriel window and the coats of arms of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn.
Originally intended as a hunting lodge and secondary residence, St James’s Palace became the principal royal residence in London during the Tudor and Stuart periods. It remained the centre of royal court life until Buckingham Palace gradually took over this role in the 19th century. Notably, Charles I spent his final night here before his execution in 1649. The palace was damaged by fire in 1809, leading to the loss of many state apartments, but the Chapel Royal and gatehouse survived.
Today, St James’s Palace remains a working royal building and is the official residence of the sovereign, meaning court announcements are issued in its name. The Accession Council meets here to proclaim a new monarch, with the proclamation traditionally read from the Proclamation Gallery overlooking Friary Court. It houses royal offices and apartments, including those of the Princess Royal and Princess Beatrice. Clarence House, part of the palace complex, is currently the London residence of King Charles III.
Although generally closed to the public, St James’s Palace opens on selected dates for small guided tours, allowing visitors to explore its historic interiors and learn about its role in royal history. The Chapel Royal, still in active use for services and royal ceremonies, forms part of the complex. The nearby Marlborough House and Lancaster House also historically formed part of its precincts.
St James’s Palace continues to host official receptions, charity events, and ceremonial functions. Its long-standing association with the British monarchy, from Tudor times to the present, and its continuing administrative and ceremonial importance make it a key site in understanding London’s royal heritage and constitutional tradition.
Official website: https://www.rct.uk/visit/st-jamess-palace
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